Sophus Lie - Wikipedia. Marius Sophus Lie (LEE; Norwegian: . He largely created the theory of continuous symmetry and applied it to the study of geometry and differential equations. Biography. That same year he received a scholarship and traveled to Berlin, where he stayed from September to February 1. There, he met Felix Klein and they became close friends.
When he left Berlin, Lie traveled to Paris, where he was joined by Klein two months later. There, they met Camille Jordan and Gaston Darboux. But on 1. 9 July 1. Franco- Prussian War began and Klein (who was Prussian) had to leave France very quickly.
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Lie left for Fontainebleau where after a while he was arrested under suspicion of being a German spy, an event that made him famous in Norway. He was released from prison after a month, thanks to the intervention of Darboux. It would be described by Darboux as “one of the most handsome discoveries of modern Geometry”.
The next year, the Norwegian Parliament established an extraordinary professorship for him. That same year, Lie visited Klein, who was then at Erlangen and working on the Erlangen program. At the end of 1. 87. Sophus Lie proposed to Anna Birch, then eighteen years old, and they were married in 1. The couple had three children: Marie (b. In 1. 88. 4, Friedrich Engel arrived at Christiania to help him, with the support of Klein and Adolph Mayer (who were both professors at Leipzig, by then). Engel would help Lie to write his most important treatise, Theorie der Transformationsgruppen, published in Leipzig in three volumes from 1.
Decades later, Engel would also be one of the two editors of Lie's collected works. In 1. 88. 6 Lie became professor at Leipzig, replacing Klein, who had moved to G. In November 1. 88. Lie suffered a mental breakdown and had to be hospitalized until June 1.
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After that, he returned to his post, but over the years his anaemia progressed to the point where he decided to return to his homeland. Consequently, in 1.
May, and left for home (for good) in September the same year. He died the following year, 1. He was made Honorary Member of the London Mathematical Society in 1. Member of the French Academy of Sciences in 1. Foreign Member of the Royal Society of London in 1. National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America in 1.
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Sophus Lie died at the age of 5. B1. 2. Lie's principal tool, and one of his greatest achievements, was the discovery that continuous transformation groups (now called, after him, Lie groups) could be better understood by . The generators are subject to a linearized version of the group law, now called the commutator bracket, and have the structure of what is today called a Lie algebra. Written with the help of Friedrich Engel.
Lie, Sophus (1. 89. Theorie der Transformationsgruppen II (in German), Leipzig: B. Written with the help of Friedrich Engel. Lie, Sophus (1. 89.
Vorlesungen . Written with the help of Georg Scheffers. Written with the help of Georg Scheffers. Written with the help of Friedrich Engel. Lie, Sophus (1. 89. Geometrie der Ber.
Written with the help of Georg Scheffers. Retrieved 2. 3 January 2. ISSN 0. 94. 9- 5.
MR 1. 68. 00. 23, Zbl 0. December 2. 01. 0 Freudenthal, Hans (1. Cambridge University Press.
O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F.